We rely more and more on software and applications to perform various functions in our daily lives. We trust apps with sensitive and personal information all the time. So how do we ensure that our software and apps, and therefore our data, are in fact secure? Understanding software vulnerabilities is key. Read the latest articles for insight on software and application vulnerabilities now.
Latest Articles

Direct Kernel Object Manipulation (DKOM) Attacks on ETW Providers

17 min read - Overview In this post, IBM Security X-Force Red offensive hackers analyze how attackers, with elevated privileges, can use their access to stage Windows Kernel post-exploitation capabilities. Over the last few years, public accounts have increasingly shown that less sophisticated attackers are using this technique to achieve their objectives. It is therefore important that we put a spotlight on this capability and learn more about its potential impact. Specifically, in this post, we will evaluate how Kernel post-exploitation can be used…

Dissecting and Exploiting TCP/IP RCE Vulnerability “EvilESP”

10 min read - September’s Patch Tuesday unveiled a critical remote vulnerability in tcpip.sys, CVE-2022-34718. The advisory from Microsoft reads: “An unauthenticated attacker could send a specially crafted IPv6 packet to a Windows node where IPsec is enabled, which could enable a remote code execution exploitation on that machine.” Pure remote vulnerabilities usually yield a lot of interest, but even over a month after the patch, no additional information outside of Microsoft’s advisory had been publicly published. From my side, it had been a…

Self-Checkout This Discord C2

5 min read - This post was made possible through the contributions of James Kainth, Joseph Lozowski, and Philip Pedersen. In November 2022, during an incident investigation involving a self-checkout point-of-sale (POS) system in Europe, IBM Security X-Force identified a novel technique employed by an attacker to introduce a command and control (C2) channel built upon Discord channel messages. Discord is a chat, voice, and video service enabling users to join and create communities associated with their interests. While Discord and its related software…

Critical Remote Code Execution Vulnerability in SPNEGO Extended Negotiation Security Mechanism

2 min read - In September 2022, Microsoft patched an information disclosure vulnerability in SPNEGO NEGOEX (CVE-2022-37958). On December 13, Microsoft reclassified the vulnerability as “Critical” severity after IBM Security X-Force Red Security Researcher Valentina Palmiotti discovered the vulnerability could allow attackers to remotely execute code. The vulnerability is in the SPNEGO Extended Negotiation (NEGOEX) Security Mechanism, which allows a client and server to negotiate the choice of security mechanism to use. This vulnerability is a pre-authentication remote code execution vulnerability impacting a wide…

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